The cutting tool cuts the metal by breaking the metal layer. The fracture of the metal layer means that the external force destroys the metal structure while releasing the internal energy of the metal in the form of heat. During cutting, on the one hand, the chip transfers the heat of the crack to the surface of the cutting tool. On the other hand, the chip is pressed by the cutting tool and is relatively fast moving to generate frictional heat. The comprehensive reason is that the cutting tool and the metal surface The temperature rises rapidly. During the cutting process, the hot metal of the hot metal will rapidly quench the quenching effect of the cutting fluid, causing the quenching effect, destroying the crystal phase structure, and the molecular misalignment in the crystal phase increases, making the metal hard and making it brittle. . When the cutting tool finishes cutting away from the workpiece, the hot tip will contact the coolant to create a "quenching reaction" that makes the cutting tool hard and brittle, especially with coated cutting tools that affect the life of the cutting tool. Since the intensity of the quenching effect is proportional to the temperature difference, increasing the cutting speed will make the cutting tool more hot, and the strong quenching reaction caused by the larger temperature difference will further reduce the life of the cutting tool. This is also the reason why the cutting speed is higher and the cutting tool life is shorter.
In the case of micro-lubrication processing, the lubricant is sprayed on the machined surface in the form of mist particles, which does not cause quenching or quenching effect. Moreover, the cutting speed is increased, the cutting fracture point of the workpiece will appear earlier, and the crack heat source will be far away from the knife. tip. Since the heat is concentrated on the workpiece and the chips,
The heat source of the cutting tool only generates a small portion of heat conduction and friction with the contact point of the chip. Increasing the cutting speed will make the chip more curved and leave the workpiece and the cutting tool at a faster speed, effectively reducing the time for the heat conduction of the chip. The high temperatures left on the workpiece soften the surface of the workpiece, making the cutting tool easier to cut. Therefore, in general, the micro-lubrication process is suitable for increasing the cutting speed.
In the case of micro-lubrication processing, the lubricant is sprayed on the machined surface in the form of mist particles, which does not cause quenching or quenching effect. Moreover, the cutting speed is increased, the cutting fracture point of the workpiece will appear earlier, and the crack heat source will be far away from the knife. tip. Since the heat is concentrated on the workpiece and the chips,
The heat source of the cutting tool only generates a small portion of heat conduction and friction with the contact point of the chip. Increasing the cutting speed will make the chip more curved and leave the workpiece and the cutting tool at a faster speed, effectively reducing the time for the heat conduction of the chip. The high temperatures left on the workpiece soften the surface of the workpiece, making the cutting tool easier to cut. Therefore, in general, the micro-lubrication process is suitable for increasing the cutting speed.
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